Neggram

Neggram is the brand name for a medication called Nalidixic Acid. It is an antibiotic that belongs to the class of drugs known as quinolones. Nalidixic acid is primarily used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by susceptible bacteria.

Antibiotic is effective against certain types of bacteria that commonly cause UTIs, including Escherichia coli. It works by interfering with the DNA replication process of the bacteria, thereby inhibiting their growth and ability to cause infection.

This medication is available in the form of tablets and is typically taken orally. The dosage and duration of treatment will depend on the type and severity of the UTI, as well as other individual factors.

It's important to note that Nalidixic Acid is primarily used for uncomplicated UTIs and may not be effective against other types of infections or certain strains of bacteria that have developed resistance to the drug.

Chemical composition and nomenclature

Neggram is a brand of Nalidxic acid and is a quinolone antibacterial agent for oral administration. Nalidixic acid is composed of ethyl dihydro methyl naphthyridine carboxylic acid. It is a pale yellow crystalline substance with a weak organic bonding.

Dosage

The dosage of Neggram can vary depending on the specific infection being treated, the severity of the infection, and the individual patient's condition.

Typically, the recommended adult dosage of Neggram is 1 gram (1000 mg) taken four times a day, for a total daily dose of 4 grams. This dosage may be adjusted based on the severity of the infection. It is important to space the doses evenly throughout the day and to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if you start to feel better.

For children, the dosage of Neggram is based on their body weight and is usually prescribed by a pediatrician.

How to Take

Here are general guidelines for taking Neggram:

1. Timing: Take tablets at evenly spaced intervals throughout the day to maintain a consistent level of the medication in your body. This helps ensure its effectiveness.
2. Dosage: The dosage may vary depending on the type and severity of the infection. Do not change the dosage without consulting your doctor.
3. Duration: Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if your symptoms improve before you finish all the medication. Stopping the medication too early may allow the bacteria to multiply and the infection to return.
4. Administration: Neggram is usually taken orally with a full glass of water. You may take it with or without food. Follow your doctor's instructions regarding the specific timing and conditions for taking the medication.
5. Avoiding Interactions: Certain medications, supplements, or food items may interact with Nalidixic Acid and affect its effectiveness.
6. Compliance: It is important to take Neggram exactly as prescribed and not to miss any doses. If you accidentally miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.

Side Effects

Here are some possible side effects associated with Neggram:

1. Gastrointestinal Effects: Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, and diarrhea. These symptoms are usually mild and may improve as your body adjusts to the medication. It's recommended to take medicine with food to reduce the risk of stomach upset.
2. Central Nervous System Effects: In rare cases, Neggram can cause dizziness, headache, or lightheadedness. If these symptoms are severe or persistent, it's important to seek medical attention.
3. Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may develop an allergic reaction to Nalidixic Acid. Signs of an allergic reaction include rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing. If you experience any of these symptoms, seek immediate medical attention.
4. Tendon Rupture: Although rare, there have been reports of tendon problems, including tendon rupture, associated with nalidixic acid. This risk may be increased in individuals over the age of 60, those taking corticosteroids, or those with a history of tendon disorders.
5. Photosensitivity: Drug can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight, leading to an increased risk of sunburn or skin rash. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight and use sunscreen when outdoors.
6. Other Side Effects: Less common side effects of Neggram may include changes in urine color, loss of appetite, joint pain, and muscle weakness.

Interactions

Here are some notable interactions associated with Neggram:

1. Antacids: Taking Nalidixic Acid together with antacids that contain aluminum, magnesium, or calcium can decrease the absorption of the antibiotic. To avoid this interaction, it is recommended to take Neggram at least two hours before or after taking antacids.
2. Iron Supplements: Concurrent use of iron supplements may reduce the effectiveness of Neggram. It is advisable to separate the doses of Neggram and iron supplements by a few hours to prevent this interaction.
3. Warfarin and Anticoagulants: Antibiotic can interfere with the effectiveness of warfarin and other anticoagulant medications, potentially increasing the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of clotting parameters is necessary if you are taking anticoagulants along with Neggram.
4. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Combining Nalidixic Acid with NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or aspirin, may increase the risk of central nervous system side effects, such as dizziness or headache.
5. Probenecid: Probenecid, a medication used to treat gout, can prolong the effect of Neggram by reducing its elimination from the body.
6. Diabetes Medications: Neggram may affect blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. Monitor your blood sugar levels closely if you have diabetes.

Warnings

Here are some important warnings associated with the use of Neggram:

1. Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may be allergic to Neggram or other quinolone antibiotics. If you have a history of allergic reactions to antibiotics or experience symptoms such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing, seek immediate medical attention.
2. Tendon Problems: Neggram has been associated with an increased risk of tendon problems, including tendon inflammation and rupture. This risk may be higher in individuals over the age of 60, those taking corticosteroids, or those with a history of tendon disorders.
3. Central Nervous System Effects: Medicine can rarely cause central nervous system side effects, such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and headache.
4. Photosensitivity: Neggram may increase your skin's sensitivity to sunlight, leading to an increased risk of sunburn or skin rash. Avoid prolonged sun exposure and use sunscreen when outdoors.
5. Drug Interactions: Nalidixic Acid can interact with other medications, including antacids, iron supplements, anticoagulants, NSAIDs, and diabetes medications.
6. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Neggram should be used with caution during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. It is not recommended for use while breastfeeding, as nalidixic acid can pass into breast milk.
7. Liver and Kidney Function: Antibiotic is primarily eliminated from the body through the kidneys.
8. Superinfection: The use of antibiotics can lead to the development of bacterial or fungal infections that are resistant to treatment.

Neggram and Alcohol

It is generally recommended to avoid consuming alcohol while taking Neggram. Drinking alcohol can increase the risk of certain side effects and may reduce the effectiveness of the medication. Here's why:

1. Increased Side Effects: Both Nalidixic Acid and alcohol can individually cause side effects such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and drowsiness. When taken together, these effects may be intensified, making you more prone to accidents or impairing your ability to perform tasks that require alertness.
2. Interference with Absorption: Alcohol can potentially interfere with the absorption of Neggram in the gastrointestinal tract. This may reduce the medication's effectiveness in treating the infection.
3. Potential Liver Toxicity: Both Neggram and alcohol can put stress on the liver. Consuming alcohol while taking Neggram may increase the risk of liver damage or impair the liver's ability to metabolize the medication properly.

To ensure the optimal effectiveness of Neggram and minimize the risk of side effects, it is advisable to avoid alcohol during the course of treatment.

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